Apparatus for magnetic separation.



PATENTED JUNE 14, 1904.

. 0. PAYNE. APPARATUS FOR MAGNETIC SEPARATION.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 30, 190 1.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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NVENTOR: PAYNE,

WITNESSES CLARENCE m: nonms Perms co. FNDTO-LIYHCL, WASHWGTON.

No. 762,752. PATENTED JUNE 14, 1904 I '0. Q. PAYNE. APPARATUS FOR MAGNETIC SEPARATION.

4 APPLIOATI'ON rltnn AUG. 20. 1901. k N0 ODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET a.

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v CLARENCE .PAYNE, )B /& tzqmzya;

UNITED STATES Patented June 14, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

APPARATUS FOR MAGNETIC SEPARATION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 762,752, dated June 14, 1904.

' Application filed August 30,1901. Serial No. 73,773. (No model.) i

To (LZZ w/wm it may concern.-

Be itknown that I, CLARENCE Q. PAYNE, a citizen of the United States, residing in Stam ford, in the county of Fairfield, State of Connecticut, (having a post-ofiice address at No. 99 John street, in the borough of Manhattan, in the. city and State of New York,) have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Magnetic Separation, of which the following is a full and true specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein similar letters refer to like parts in the several views.

My invention relates to improvements of apparatus for the separation of substances of all degrees of magnetic susceptibility, and is especially adapted to that type of separator in which the magnetic field is formed between opposing magnetic surfaces.

In United States Letters Patent Nos. 641,147, 641,148, and641,220, granted to me January 9, 1900, I havedescribed and claimed a method of and apparatus for magnetically separating ores, in which the improvement consists largely in controlling the positions of the lines of force in a magnetic field whereby very great diiferences or line dispersions of the flux density are established therein. v

. My present invention constitutes in part an improvement over the apparatus described in the above Letters. Patent; and it consists, broadly, in improvements of means whereby direct contact of the ore particles is promoted With'that portion of the surface of a separating-cylinder along which, and while within a field formed between opposing magnetic surfaces, the removal of the non-attracted ore particles is at the same time readily effected by gravity and centrifugal force.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 illustrates an application of the present invention by avertical section through an operating machine. Fig. 2 shows, for purpose of comparison, a sectional view of a magnetic field formed between opposing magnetic surfaces, but which does not embody the present invention. Fig. 3 shows a sectional view of Fig. 1 along the plane A B.

I have found in the practical work of ore 5 separation that the distance through which feebly-magnetic minerals can be made to move is quite limited even when acted upon by very great difiierences of magnetic density in a field or line dispersions thereof. In order to effect a separation of such minerals froma mixture containing them, it becomes,therefore, necessaryto bring them into quite close proximity to the surface of a separating-carrier. VVhenthis is done, as shown in Fig. 2, by means of a feed-cylinder T, which passes through the field close to the teeth S S of the separating-carrier S U, it is evident that the momentum acquired by the ore particles under the impressed forces of gravity and cen- 5 trifugal force acting approximately at right angles tothe direction of their magnetic attraction may under certain conditions be suflicient to carry them quite beyond the sphere of influence of the inductively-mag- 7 netized teeth, and thus prevent their separation. The efficiency of the separation is thus either reduced or else it becomes necessary to separate the material more 1 than once, thus reducing the. capacity of the machine. I have 7 5 found, on the other hand, that when feeblymagnetic ore particles are once placed in direct contact with the inductively-magnetized teeth of the separating-carrier, which passes through a field of the type here considered, they maintain theirhold quite firmly while within the field and until conveyed an appreciable distance beyond it.

In the exercise of my invention I prefer to make use of a separating-cylinder in order to 5 secure thereby the advantage of a wide range of centrifugal force in'effecting the removal of the non-magnetic or non-attracted from various-classes of attractable ore particles.

For thefseparation of feebly-magnetic min- 9 erals-a separating-cylinder 'S U-may be conveniently employed, as shown in Figs. 1, and 3. This cylinder is provided wit-ha large number of magnetizable portions or, pieces S S, whose outer edges may be given any desired toothed outline and whose edgeffaces A then form the separating-surface of the cylinderwhen it revolves. This cylinder is caused to revolve through a magnetic field formed between the pole-pieces P P, which are approximately concentric with the cylinder. These pole-pieces may both be placed just below the horizontal diameter of the cylinder, as shown in Fig. 1.

It is evident that when the ore mixture to be treated is fed upon the upper portion of a cylinder, as shown in Fig. 1, the best position for the removal of the ore particles is not secured until by the rotation of the cylinder the ore mixture has been carried down to and just below its horizontal diameter, where the combined effect of gravity and centrifugal force serves to discharge those particles most readily which are not held to the surface of the cylinder. To extend the magnetic field a suflicient distance above the horizontal diameter of the cylinder, as is commonly the practice, for the purpose of holding the magnetic ore particles in place until they are enabled to reach that portion of the field which extends below the horizontal diameter of the cylinder and in which the non-magnetic particles can be best discharged tends to weaken the fieldv by thus extending it over a considerable arc of the cylinders surface, and it would then be less available for the treatment of those feebly-magnetic minerals with which the present invention is more especially concerned.

In accomplishing the purpose of my invention, therefore, I make use of two opposing pole-pieces P P, which are so placed that that portion of the field in which the separation takes place is chiefly confined to an arc of the cylinders surface which issituated just below its horizontal diameter.

When the ore mixture to be separated is fed from the hopper H directly upon the separating-cylinder S U, as shown in Fig. 1, I make use of a guide-plate or shield Gr, preferably of non-rnagnetic material, which is connected with the pole-piece P and extends a considerable distance above the horizontal diameter of the cylinder and approximately concentric with it. This guide-plate Gr prevents the ore particles from "being thrown off by centrifugal force from the cylinder more than a short distance and also guides them into the field located below the horizontal diameter of the cylinder.

Instead of feeding the ore mixture upon the separating-cylinder S U it may be fed or conveyed into the field in any suitable way.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention I have shown a magnetic field limited and located as above described, which is formed upon two magnetic circuits, as indicated by the broken lines and arrow-heads in Fig. 3. Here the electromagnet-core R is outside of the cylinder. The field-coils W W are placed close to the pole-pieces P P, respectively, and are so wound and connected that the field formed between the pole-pieces P P, through which the cylinder is made to revolve, is of the so-called unipolar type that is, the lines of force are all approximately parallel and do not reverse at any point. The ends of the separating-cylinder S U are mounted upon drum heads J J, which are preferably made of non-magnetic material and are made to revolve on the journal extensions of the magnet R by any convenient means, such as a pulley keyed to the drum-head J and belted to an' outside source of power. (Not shown in the drawings.) The shield or guide-plate G and also the polepiece P may be provided with a lining-plate F, of non-magnetic material, such as brass or bronze. This plate serves as a wearing-plate which can be readily renewed. By means of plates of different thicknesses, which may be inserted in the frame K K between the ends ofthe sliding blocks which support the journal extensions of the cylinder-magnet, it is possible to move the cylinder relatively to the plate F, and thus increase or diminish the space between the edges of the teeth S S and the inner surface of the lining-plate F. By regulating this space to suit the size of the mixed ore particles the latter may be passed through it freely, while at the same time they are kept within close proximity to the inductively-magnetized teeth S S in passing through the field.

In the practical operation of the apparatus after the field is excited and the cylinder S U revolved in the direction shown by the arrow in Fig. 1 at a speed determined by the requirements of the material to be treated the ore mixture may be fed from the hopper H upon the surface of the separating-cylinder. When the material has been carried by the rotation of the cylinder beyond the point N, it is then by the combined effect of gravity and centrifugal force sooner or later thrown from the surface of the cylinder, depending upon its speed of rotation. The ore mixture then strikes the lining-plate F of the guideplate G and rebounding from it is deflected toward the surface of the cylinder. Continuing in this way the material is guided into and through the magnetic field formed between the concentric pole-pieces P P and afforded anumber of opportunities while within the field and below the horizontal diameter of the cylinder of coming into direct contact with the magnetized edges of the teeth S, to which the magnetic ore particles are then attracted and held.

The important feature of my invention consists in the provision of means for retaining the material in close proximity to a considerable segment of the cylinder below its horizontal diameter and within the field. This.

result may be attained by the lining-plateF,

or where this is not employed by the polepiece G or suitable equivalent means.

,After passing through the field to about the point 0, Fig. 1, the magnetic particles begin to be separated from the non-magnetic,

the former being carried a certain distance beyond the latter until by the successive demagnetization of the cylinder-teeth they are released and discharged over the edge of the division-plate D, thus effecting their removal from the non-magnetic or nomattracted ore particles, which on leaving the field are guided by the division-plate D into a separate receptacle. .(Not shown in the drawings.)

By the means above described I am able to extend the range of magnetic separation to include those minerals which are so feebly magnetic that they can only be attracted and separated when brought into direct contact with the magnetized portions of the separating-cylinder. my present invention for the treatment of strongly-magnetic material, such as magnetite, &c. a

While I have shown by way of illustration in Figs. land 3 my invention applied to a magnetic field formed upon two circuits of the magnetic flux, I do not desire to limit my invention to this application, nor to a particular shape of the shield or guide-plate G, as various modifications of both within the scope and claims of my invention will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a magnetic separator, a separatingcylinder movable between two opposing polepieces, in combination with means for retaining the material in close proximity to the cylinder along a considerable segment of said cylinder below its horizontal diameter and within the magnetic field, substantially as described.

2. In a magnetic separator, a separatingcylinder, movable between two opposing magnetic surfaces, both of said surfaces being placed below the horizontal diameter of the cylinder, in combination with means for retaining the material in close proximity to the cylinder, along a considerable segment of said cylinder below its horizontal diameter and within the magnetic field, substantially as described.

3. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a separating-cylinder movable between two opposing pole-pieces, one of said pole-pieces being placed below the horizontal diameter of said cylinder,and a guide-plate connected with said lower pole-piece and extending above the horizontal diameter of said cylinder, substantially as described.

4. In a magnetic separator, a separating: cylinder movable between two opposing polepieces, one of said pole-pieces being placed It is also possible to employ below the horizontal diameterof saideflinder, in combination with a guid e-plate formed partly by said lower pole-piece and partly. by

an upward extension thereof, substantially asv described.

5. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a separating-cylinder. movable between two opposing pole-pieces below its horizontal diameter, and a guide-plate connected with one of said pole-pieces and extending above the horizontal diameter of said cylinder, substantially as described.

6. In amagnetic separator, the combination of a separating-cylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable pieces which form the separating-surface of said cylinder, two opposing pole-pieces between which the said cylinder is arranged to travel, and means for retaining the material in close proximity to thecylinder along a considerable segment of said cylinder below its horizontal diameter and within the magnetic field, substantially as described.

7 In a magnetic separator, the combination of a separating-cylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable pieces which form the separating-surface of said cylinder, movable between two opposing pole-pieces, one of said pole-pieces being placed below the horizontal diameter of the cylinder, and means for retaining the material in close proximity to the cylinder along a considerable segment of said cylinder below its horizontal diameter and within the magnetic field, substantially as described.

8. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a'separating-cylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable pieces, which formthe separating-surface of said cylinder; two opposing pole-pieces between which said cylinder is arranged to travel, and a guide-plate connected with one of said pole-pieces, and extending above the horizontal diameter of said cylinder, substantially as described.

9. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a separating-cylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable pieces, whose edge faces form the separating-surface of said cyl- 10. In a magnetic separator, the combinaw tion of a separating-cylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable pieces, whose edge faces form the separating-surface of said cylinder; two opposing pole-pieces between which a said cylinder is arranged to travel, both of said pole-pieces being placed below the hori- J zontal diameter of the cylinder, and a guideplate connected with one of said pole-pieces and extending above the horizontal diameter of said cylinder, substantially as described.

11. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a separating-cylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable pieces Whose outer edges have toothed outlines and form the separating-surface of the cylinder, two opposing pole-pieces, between which said cylinder is ar ranged to travel, and means for retaining the material in close proximity to the cylinder along a considerable segment of said cylinder below its horizontal diameter and within the magnetic field, substantially as described.

12. In a magnetic separator, a separatingcylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable pieces, whose outer edges have toothed outlines and form the separating-surface of said cylinder, in combination with two opposing pole-pieces placed approximately concentric with said cylinder, and between which said cylinder is arranged to revolve, one of said pole-pieces being placed wholly below the horizontal diameter of the cylinder, substantially as described.

13. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a separating-cylinder provided with a plurality of magnetizable pieces, whose edges have toothed outlines and form the separatingsurface of said cylinder; two opposing polepieces between which said cylinder is arranged to revolve, and a guide-plate connected with one of said pole-pieces and extending above the horizontal diameter ofsaid cylinder, substantially as described.

14:. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a separating-cylinder provided with a plurality of lnagnetizable pieces whose edges have toothed outlines and form the separatingsurface of said cylinder; two opposing polepieces between which said cylinder is arranged to revolve, one of said pole-pieces being placed below the horizontal diameter, and a guideplate connected with said lower pole-piece and extending above the horizontal diameter of said cylinder, substantially as described.

In witness whereof .I have hereunto signed my name this 19th day of July, 1901.

CLARENCE Q. PAYNE.

In presence of JAMES J. CoseRovE, W. H. BERRIGAN, Jr. 

